Machine for forming projectiles



. (N0 M01161. B'Sheets-Sheet 1.; J. S. GRIFFIN. MACHINE FOR FORMING PROJEGTILES.

No. 509,730. Patented N0v. 28, 1893.

IN VE N TOR @w/ TNESSES AITOHMEYS.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

- J. s. GRIFFIN.

MACHINE FOR FORMING PROJEGTILES.

No. 509,730. Patented Nov. 28, 1893.

NmL

IN VENTOI? (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

' J. S. GRIFFIN. MACHINE FOR FORMING PROJEGTILES. No. 509,730..

Patented Nov. 28, 1893.

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WITNESSES: 5

A TTOHNEYS.

- showing supporti the guide blocks To all whom it may concern.-

UNITED ST TES JOHN STEVART GRIFFIN,

PATENT- ()FFicE.

or ROSLYN, WASHINGTON.

- MACHlNE FOR FORMING PROJECTILES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 509,730, dated November 28, 1893.

Application filed September 15,1893. Serial No. 485,539. (No model.)

. Be it knownthat I, J OHN STEWART GRIFFIN, of Roslyn,.in the county of Kitti-tas and Stgte of Washington, have invented a new and proved Machine for Forming Projectiles, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of machines which are used in forming projectiles for cannon and other firearms,

and especially to such as are used for forming'what are known as conical projectiles.

The object of my invention is to produce a strong-and simple machine .by which these projectiles may be rapidly formed two at a time, and also to produce a machine which may be: perfectly controlled.ligftheopfl fewlfn and which rolls the projectiles in perfect shape, so that they age adapted for accurate To these ends myinvention consists ofcerand details, and combinations of tain parts as will be hereinafter described and thesame, claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming-a part of this specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure @1s a side elevation of the machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view of a prepared ingot from whicha projectileis formed. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the double projectile after itis rolled from the ingot. Fig. at is a sectional plan on the line 44 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a broken detail sectional view showing the position of the ingot or blanli in the guide blocks and showing the stop bar which limits the inward movement of the ingot as the latter is thrust into the machine. Fig. 6 isa detail sectional view the relative position of the ingot, its ng guide blocks, and the rollers which revolve the ingot. Fig. 7 is a detail view of and the stop bar for one of the blocks. Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the machine on the line 88 of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a detail view with parts in section, of the forming rolls and the hydraulic cylinders which move the rolls vertically; and Fig. 10 is abroken detail plan of one of the hydraulic The machine is provided with a substantial framehaving opposite end pieces or standards 10, which are firmly secured to a supporting .base 11. These standards have on their inner sides, guide ribs 12, which are arranged in pairs on each standard, above and below the central portion of the standard, so that guide blocks for the ingot, fromwhich. the

scribed, and these ribs 12 also serve as guides which are arranged in the upper and lower portions of the machine, and Move alternately toward and away from each other, as the ingot is rolled and the projectiles completed.

adjacent faces, tlie't'ru'nnionsl' t Ofth'efolnring rolls 15, which rolls align vertically and have convex faces, the face of each roll having-a sharp edge extending annularly around it in the center and the rolls when formed in this way, are adapted to make conical projectiles, but it will be understood that the rolls maybe given any necessary shape so that they may have the proper shaping efiect on the material with which they come in contact.

The piston heads 13 are secured to pistons 16 which'are operated like the usual hydraulic pistons, and they are held to movein bydraulic cylinders 17, arranged at the top and bottom of the machine, each cylinder being formed integral with the plate 18, which is shown in detail in Fig. 10, and which has projecting ends 19 to lie upon the tops of the standards 10, and on the lower portions of plate is at the top or'lower portion of the ma.- chine. V The plates 18 are also provided with lugs 20 which lieupon lugs 21, projecting inward from thestaudardslO, near the top and bottom of the standards, as shown clearly in each set of lugs on the plates 18 and standards 10, so that the plates are held firmly in place, and as the bolts are provided with the usual form of nuts which aresecurely tightened, the strain is taken from the machine frame to a great extent, and imparted to the bolts.

cylinders and its supporting plate.

The upper plate 18 has depending lugs 23 on Fig. 1, and bolts 22 extend vertically through they may support, in a proper position, the

projectiles are formed, as hereinafter defor the vertically-movable piston heads 13,

Lill e piston heads 13 have journaled in their.

the standards, according aseto whether the its-under side and similar logs are provided on the upper side of the lower plate 18, these lugs serving as abutments for the piston heads and the piston heads test against them when the pistons are in a normal position.

The cylinders 17 are supplied with water through pipes 24'and 25, the latter connecting with a common form of force pump 26, or with any other means of forcing water under pressure into the cylinders, and the pipe 25 which is the supply pipe, is provided with a drain co'ekfli', which may-beopeiied when'the water is .o be exhausted from the cylinders, and the pistons are to resume their normal positions. The upper piston head 13 has, on opposite sides, lugs 28, in which are pivoted depending rods 29, which extend downward to the base of the machine'an'd are pivoted tolevers 30, each lever being fulcrume'd on a shaft 31 journaledin suitable supports 32 and provided at the opposite side to that to which the rod 'is secured with weights 33, which serve as a counterbalance, and the weights 33 serve to return the piston and piston head when the water has been withdrawn from the upper cylinder 18.

In the drawings, I have not shown counterbalancing weights applied-to the lower piston head, but it will be understood that such weights will be applied in any convenient 'lhe ribs 1: on the inner side of the standards, besides acting as guides for the piston heads as speeifu d, form supports forthe guide blocks 34, which blocks are shown clearly in Fig. 7, and the blocks are arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the machinc, above and belowthc central part thereof, the blocks being firmly securedto the guide ribs, and having their adjacent faces coneaved as shown in the drawings, so that the cylindrical ingot 35 which is held between them may turn readily and still be held in the proper position.

The ingot 35 is prepared for the machine by slightly reducing it in-the center, as shown at 36, in Fig. 2, as this prevents too much metal from being crowded toward the shoulders of the projectiles when the latter are formed.

The projectiles 37 are formed in pairs as shown in Figs. 3-and 5, the convex faces of the forming rolls 15 cutting transversely into the central portion of the ingot and forcing the metal which is heated, aside, as hereinafter described." The lower guide block 34 out the inner portion of the machine is provided with a slot 38 which is formed inthe top of the block and extends at right angles to the axis of the forming rolls, this slot being adapted to'receive a stop bar 38, which extends into the path ofthe ingot when the latter is pushed into the machine, and thus causes the ingot to be held in .the proper position. As ab ve explained the for'min g rolls 15 are forced against the ingot from above and below it, and to provide for revolving the ingot and at the same time hold it firmly in place, rollers 89 are employed which are arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the central portion of the machine in which the ingot is held, and these rollers 39 are adapted to approach the ingot horizontally, and when they are forced against. the ingot, it will be seen that the latter will be clamped on four sides so that it is held very securely. The relative positions of the driving rollers, the forming rolls, and the ingot are clearly shown in Fig. .8.

I The rollers 39 are arranged in pairs, as specified'so that an open space 40, (see Fig. 4,) may be left to provide for the vertical movement of the forming rolls 15. The rollers 39 are preferably formed ihtegral with their shafts or spindles 39*, and. the latter are journaled in the horizontally-sliding bo'xeaas de-' scribed below anti prdjecu'n from the'inner end of'th'e machine, being jon'r'naled in a supporting frame 42,'and' having their projecting' ends provided with gear wheels 41 which are driven by a thi: get wheel 43, oh a shaft 44, this being also journaled in the frame 42 and having the usual tight and loose pulleys 45, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 4. This arrangement causes the rollers 39 on opposite sides of the ingot to be turned in opposite directions, so that when the-rollers are pressed against the ingot, they will cause the latter to revolve. i

The shafts 39 of the rollers are mounted in horizontally-slidin g boxes'46 and 4'1, which move in suitable 'slldeways in the standards of the frame, and it will be understood that provision must be made in the frame 42 for the proper sliding-of the shafts. The boxes 46 are provided with openings or recesses '48 in which turn eccentrics 49 which are secured to a shaft 50, the latter having asqnare end 51', to which a crankmay be applied to turn it. It will thus be seen that by turning the crank, the cams 'or eccentrics 49 may be turned so as to throw the two boxes inward, and thus carry one set of rollers-39quickly to place against the ingot 35.

The shaft is provided with sleeves 52, at its ends, to which are secured bolts 52", which slide in the main frame and are nor'mally' pulled outward by springs'53, these springs acting as a counterbalance for the shaft 50, and holdingthe shaft normallyin a retracted, position. The boxes 47.,0f the opposite shaft 39 are coupled directly to pistons 54, which move in horizontal hydraulic cylinders 55, these cylinders having, near their open ends, plates 56 which lie betweenlugs' 57 on the edges of the standards 10, as shown in Figs. 5 and 8, and the plates '56 are also provided withlugs 58, which fit against lugs59 on the standards and the plates are fastened se curely in place by bolts 60. Wateris supplied to the cylinders through pipes 61 and 62, the latter connecting with a suitable source of supply, and being provided with a controlling valve 63. A drain pipe 64 opens from the'pipe 62 and is controlled by a'cock.

65, so that the water may be, exhausted from the cylinders when necessary.

It will be seen that any suitable pipe system may be employed for supplying the cylinders 55and also the cylinders 17 with water, and .that pressure gages 24:, similar to that shown in Fig, 1, will be connected with the pipes to indicate the pressure thereon. It will be observed that an independent water supply is provided'for the sets of cylinders 17 and 55, so that the forming rolls 15,- and the driving rollers 39 may be independently moved when desired.

The boxes 47 and pistons 54 which carry the shaft 39?, are pulled back into normal position by chains 66 which are secured to the boxes and extend over the guide wheels 67 on the sides of the machine frame, and weights 68 which are secured to the chains.

A convenient mechanism for operating the force pump 26, which supplies water to the pistons 17, is shown in Figs. 1 and 4, though other driving mechanism may be employed.

As illustrated the loose gear wheel 69 on the shaft 44: is adapted to be engaged by a common form of friction cone 70, which slides on the shaft and which is provided with the usual groove 71 to receive a lever by' which the cone may be thrown into gear with the gear wheel thus locking the latter to the shaft. The gear wheel .69 meshes with a gear wheel 72 on the counter shaft 73, thus being journaled in'the frame 42 and connected by a common form of eccentric and rod 74 with the force pump. 1

The frame of the machine has openings 75 on opposite sides near the centerso that the ingots and projectiles may be pushed endwise through the machine, and the machine operated as follows: The stop bar 38 is placed in one of .the guide blocks 34 and the heated ingot 35 to be shaped is pushed endwise into the machine between the upper and lower guide blocks 3d until its inner end reaches the stop bar. The stop bar is then removed and the rollers 39 forced horizontally inward against the sides of the ingot by means of the eccentric and hydraulic mechanism already described, after which the shaft at is set in motion and the rollers 39 by means of their gear connection with said shaft are revolved, and they revolve the ingot. The

water is then turned into the cylinders 17 so that the shaping rolls 15 are forcedivertically against the ingot and these rolls revolve by friction with the ingot. In this manner, the four rolls which press against the ingot are constantly revolved, and as the ingot is also revolved two perfect projectiles are,formed, as shown in Fig. 2.

The form of the frame which I have shown is well adapted for supporting the rollers and other operative parts of'the machine, but it will be understood that any suitable frame may be employed and it will also be understood that the shaping rolls and the driving A rollers maybe moved toward and away from 'theingot either by hydraulic mechanism, as

shown or by an eccentric mechanism similar tended for forming projectiles but it will be seen that the shaping rolls may be made so as to form other articles if desired without departing from the principles of e invention.

Having thus fully described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A machine of the kind described, comprising a set of shapingrolls movable toward and from each other,-revoluble driving rollers movable toward and away from each other, and held to slide in planes at right angles to the sliding planes of the shaping rolls, and supporting blocks to hold the blank centrally between the rolls and rollers, substantially as shown anddescribed. I r

. 2. A machine of the kind described, comprising a'set of vertically-movable shaping rolls, a set of driving rollers held in horizontally-sliding bearings, and supporting-guide blocks at opposite ends of the shaping rolls,

substantially as shown and described.

3. A machine of the kind described, comprising oppositely-arranged piston heads adapted to move toward and away from each other, mechanism for operating the piston in slidable bearings and held to move toward and away from each other in planes at right angles to'the planes of the sliding piston heads, substantially as shown and described.

5. A machine of the kind described, comprisingasupportingframehavingguideribson itsinnersides,pistonheadsheldtoslidetoward and away from eachother between the guide ribs, shaping rolls j'ournaled in the piston heads, oppositely-arranged guide blocks near the ends of the shaping rolls, and revoluble driving rollers held in slidable bearings and adapted to move toward and away from each other in planes atright angles to the planes of the sliding piston heads, substantiallyas shown and described.

6. The combination with the verticallymovable and revoluble shaping rolls, of the revoluble driving rollers'having their bearings held to slide in planes at right angles to the sliding planes of the shaping rolls and means, as the eccentric and hydraulic mechthe shaping rolls, and a shop bar held in one anism, for moving the driving roi'lers, sub- 0f the guide blocks, substantially-as shown stantially as shown and described. and described.

7. The combination with the shaping rolls, JOHN STEWART GRIFFIN. and driving rollers arranged to move in slid- Witnesses: able bearings at; right angles to each other, of L. W. KRIBS,

the guide blocks arranged near the endslof J AMEs HERON. 

